Factors affecting a definition of crime and criminal behaviour
Students should note that this is a complex issue and that crimes are committed for many reasons and often a number of factors influence a persons’ decision to disobey the law. Some of the broad factors which influence a persons’ attitude toward crime include:
Social: People, and in particular, their attitude to the law and the authority of the state, are shaped in part by the society they live in. Factors such as upbringing and personal networks can impact, often negatively, upon a persons’ view of the law and respect (or lack of) for it.
Economic: People who suffer economic disadvantage can feel “disconnected” from main stream society and its value and hence may feel less respect for the law. Further poverty, in terms of need can also be a factor, particularly in property offences.
Genetic: This is a controversial theory, originating in 19th century phrenology studies and more recently in DNA analysis. There is no conclusive evidence to support a genetic based theory explaining criminal behaviour.
Political: Individuals and organisations may oppose certain criminal laws (or indeed the whole notion of the state in the case of anarchists) on political grounds. They therefore believe that the law is wrong or unjust and may not feel compelled to comply with the law. Political motives cover the spectrum of criminal behaviour from public order type offences through to violent criminal behaviour.
Self interest: Self interest and greed can motivate people to commit crime. It can be seen as an easy road to power and/or wealth.
Factors affecting a definition of crime and criminal behaviour
Students should note that this is a complex issue and that crimes are committed for many reasons and often a number of factors influence a persons’ decision to disobey the law. Some of the broad factors which influence a persons’ attitude toward crime include: